Note down the reading on the hydrometer as.Dip hydrometer in the sample and let it float freely.Take the liquid sample in a clean empty beaker up to the half.If reference substance is water, then its density is 1.0 g/cm 3. Specific gravity = Density of substance/ Density of reference substance Calculate the density of the solid substance from the method illustrated in the experiment ( DETERMINATION OF DENSITY OF FOODS).Those with an SG less than 1 are less dense than reference substance and will float on it. Those with SG greater than 1 are denser than reference substance and will sink. Substances with a specific gravity of 1 are neutrally buoyant. Specific gravity of solids is calculated by use of a weighing balance. Both methods are used to measure specific gravity of liquids. Specific gravity of a substance is measured by two means: By hydrometer and by specific gravity bottle. At a same given volume, specific gravity is the ratio of the mass of a substance to the mass of a reference substance. Principle: Specific gravity is the ratio of the density of a substance to the density of a reference substance. Apparatus: 100 mL Measuring cylinder, 100 mL Beaker.

All the values noted down must be accurate.ĭETERMINATION OF SPECIFIC GRAVITY OF FOODSĪim: To determine the specific gravity of the given food samples.

The experiment must be done in a constant temperature and pressure area.

Clean the apparatus used in the experiment thoroughly with dilute nitric acid and then with acetone and then with distilled water thrice.

Density of the liquid food can be calculated as.Calculate the difference between W2 and W1 and note down as W, it is the actual weight of the liquid sample.

Now, weigh it on a weighing balance and note down its weight as W2. Fill this empty beaker with 50 mL ( V) of desired liquid sample.Take a clean empty beaker and weigh it on a weighing balance.Subtract V1 from V2 and note down the value as V.Note down the final volume of water to which it has been raised as final volume V2. The weight of the solid sample raises the water level to another mark. Immerse the solid sample in the beaker.Take a clean 100 mL measuring cylinder with 50 mL of water in it, note down the volume as initial volume V1.Weigh the desired solid sample on the weighing balance and note down its weight as W1.So, the apparent weight of an object immersed in a liquid decreases by an amount equal to the weight of the volume of the liquid that it displaces. When a solid mass is immersed in a liquid ( Solid must be insoluble in this liquid), it displaces equal amount of liquid. For solids, it is determined diametrically from the liquid displaced by the submerged solids. Principle: Density of a substance or material is its mass per volume at fixed temperature (If the temperature increases, the volume expands and the density of an object decreases) and pressure. Chemicals: Distilled water, Acetone and Dil.It is therefore a relative quantity with no units.Aim: To determine the density of given food samples (Solid and Liquid). Specific gravity is the ratio of a material's density with that of water at 4 ☌ (where it is most dense and is taken to have the value 999.974 kg It has the SI unit kg m-3 or Kg/m-3 and is an absolute quantity. What is the difference between density and specific gravity? Density is defined as mass per unit volume. Oil} 0.92 (g/mL) Why would heating the gas in a hot air balloon make the balloon rise? As air is heated it expands and will become less dense than the cool surrounding air that is more dense allowing the hot air to rise. Oil is less dense than water and dose not mix with water, allowing the oil to float on water. Read at the lowest center point of the meniscus using slope to calculate density (mass 2 - mass 1)/(volume 2-volume 1) What property of oil makes it float on water? The property of oil that allows it to float in water is it's DENSITY. Object is 'more dense' what demonstrates the density in a graph? the slope what is a hydrometer? instrument used to determine the specific gravity of a fluid how is a hydrometer used? placed in liquid and spun slowly to keep it from sticking to the sides of the container Object is 'less dense' Sinks in water Density is greater than 1g/cm3 (Water) Floats in water Density is less than 1g/cm3 (water)

Density and specific gravity lab 3